The pH refers to the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, a lower pH is more acidic, and a higher pH is more alkaline. Most drinking water has a neutral pH of 6.5 to ...Essentia Water is Supercharged Ionized Alkaline Water so you can do the things that matter most to you and stop for nothing. Essentia’s proprietary three-step ionization process produces Overachieving H2O that’s 99.9% pure with a pH of 9.5 or higher and a clean, smooth taste.Essentia, which makes ionized alkaline water, posted sales in 2020 of $192 million. Essentia is the leading alkaline water brand and the No. 1 selling bottled water in the natural channel, Nestlé ...Created by Essentia to be “super hydrating water™”, you can be assured that when drinking this product you are will be hydrating and enjoying great tasting water. What makes Essentia water so unique is that it has the best pH level available at 9.5 compared to most bottled water which has a pH of 7.0 or less.By the age of 19, Millie Bobby Brown has gained international recognition for playing the powerful Eleven in Netflix’s hit series Stranger Things, earning herself nominations for two Primetime Emmy Awards, and she starred in and produced the Netflix mystery film Enola Holmes as well as its 2022 sequel.In 2018, Brown was featured on the …But the best thing about buying 88 Alkaline water is the 84 minerals that are added so that it better balances your body. The bottle looks great and other customers (myself included) think it tastes great. Essentia Enhanced 9.5 pH Water. This is one of my personal favourite bottled water brands because of it’s ridiculously high 9.5 water pH ...They call it a “supercharged” alkaline water that has the bitter-tasting acidic ions removed. And it’s apparently impossible to get a precise reading of its pH level without a specific testing method. It’s still a crisp and clean tasting water, but Essentia tries a little bit too hard to make it sound better than it actually is.Essentia Water's promise is to improve people's lives through better rehydration* with the development of its exceptional, supercharged ionized alkaline water. Essentia's exclusive ionization process allows water sourced from anywhere around the world to be purified and ionized for more effective rehydration*.At Essentia, we’re always on the lookout for positively charged people who bring passion and energy to the team and who love our brand. Join the team! HOME. OUR PRODUCTS. IONIZED ALKALINE WATER ESSENTIA HYDROBOOST. ... ESSENTIA WATER, LLC. Toll free: 877.293.2239 [email protected]Essentia. Competitors and Similar Companies. Essentia's competitors and similar companies include Fiji Water, Importaco, Bonafont and Minalba. Add company... Essentia is a provider of beverages. Fiji Water is a beverage company. Importaco is a food and beverage company. Bonafont is a company that produces and distributes bottled water.Essentia Water · October 9, 2012 · Dr. Oz thinks alkaline water is where it's at for people with acid reflux. If you're one of the many who suffer from this, read up on what you should and should not be eating (and drinking). doctoroz.com. Silent Reflux: A … THE PERFECT GRAB-AND-GO SIZE. Our 500mL bottle is the perfect, on-the-go size of Overachieving H2O to keep you hydrated whenever you’re out doing the things that matter most. Our 500mL six-pack contains Supercharged Ionized Alkaline water to keep you hydrated during those grab-and-go moments. GET THE MOST OUT OF ANY ACTIVITY. Our 700mL sports cap bottle is the perfect size of Overachieving H2O to help you hydrate fast and get the most out of your workout, game or adventure. Our 700mL sports cap bottle contains Supercharged Ionized Alkaline water for a fast, easy way to hydrate whenever you need it. Essentia Water is proud of the unique, proprietary ionization process that unlocks the potential of water from any source around the world, reducing carbon footprint; enjoy life and drink Essentia Helping humans everywhere achieve their best, a case of 24, 20-oz. bottles is ideal for the next board meeting, team training, family trip or ... The pH refers to the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, a lower pH is more acidic, and a higher pH is more alkaline. Most drinking water has a neutral pH of 6.5 to ...Essentia Water is the best hydrating water on the market. It has a pH level of 9.5 which is an optimal level for water alkalinity. A higher alkaline water is more easily absorbed into the body, providing superior hydration at the cellular level. Order Online or By Phone: 310-341-0877. 20ozSign In For Price. $14.99. LaCroix Curate Commemorative Collection Sparkling Water, Variety Pack, 12 fl oz, 24-count. Kosher (Circle U) 0 Calories, 0 Sweetener, 0 Sodium. Naturally Essenced Sparkling Water. 8 Pineapple Strawberry, 8 Blackberry Cucumber, 8 Cherry Lime. Quantity. Add.Product Description. Essentia Water is Supercharged Ionized Alkaline Water so you can do the things that matter most to you and stop for nothing. Essentia’s …The pH refers to the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, a lower pH is more acidic, and a higher pH is more alkaline. Most drinking water has a neutral pH of 6.5 to ...ARLINGTON, Va., March 12, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Essentia ® Water, the pioneer of ionized alkaline water in the U.S., is taking hydration to the next level with all-new Essentia® Hydroboost, the ...Dive into Essentia. Try our water today! Skip to main content.us. Delivering to Lebanon 66952 Update location All. Select the department you ...An Essentia Water-funded study of 100 people found that consuming the company's alkaline water after exercise-induced dehydration rehydrated participants "significantly" more than bottled water with a normal pH. Plus, both Essentia and ZenWTRadd electrolytes, ...If it does not say “mineral water”, then chances are that it is not alkaline water. The following list are some of the biggest brands that produce bottled water. For each, I have checked to see how much alkaline they contain. Aquafina water ranges between 5.5-7.0 (less alkaline or neutral). Essentia guarantees a …Nestlé USA has acquired premium alkaline water brand, Essentia Water, for an undisclosed sum to expand its presence in the premium, high …Our company is proud to offer customized bottled water for any occasion with next-level customer service, wholesale prices, expedited orders and nationwide delivery. All of our personalized water bottle products are made in the USA. Contact us to request a free quote and custom label design consultation. View Pricing.Essentia Water 9.5 pH or Higher Ionized Alkaline Water Bottles - 6pk/33.8 fl oz. Essentia. 4.8 out of 5 stars with 514 ratings. 514. SNAP EBT eligible. $12.39 ($0.06/fluid ounce) When purchased online. Essentia Water – 6pk/500 mL Bottles. Essentia. 4.8 out of 5 stars with 186 ratings. 186. Essentia's recyclable, BPA-free plastic water bottles invite users to drink up more of life while benefiting the planet. A bottle of Essentia Water is perfect for those on the go moments when in need of better rehydration*. With a 1-L bottle there's enough to go around, share with coworkers, friends, teammates or family. Essentia Bottled Water, Ionized Alkaline Water; 99.9% Pure, Infused with Electrolytes, 9.5 pH or Higher with a Clean, Smooth Taste, 23.67 Fl Oz (Pack of 24) $ 4399. Core Hydration+ Calm, Cucumber Essence Nutrient Enhanced Water with L-Theanine, 23.9 fl oz (Pack of 12) $ 4176. Essentia Water Electrolyte Enhance (12x1 LTR) ESSENTIA WATER 12 PACK: Twelve 12 Fl Oz Essentia Water bottles of ionized alkaline water that’s 99.9% pure with a pH of 9.5 or higher and a clean, smooth taste — so you can stop for nothing. 99.9% PURE: Essentia Water is purified with micro filtration and reverse osmosis technology, resulting in Overachieving H2O that is 99.9% pure. ...Overview of Essentia Water. Meanwhile, Essentia has offered alkaline water since 1998. Their ionizedbottles contain purified water adjusted to a pH of 9.5 or higher, making it more alkaline than Kirkland. In addition, Essentia adds electrolytes for taste and boasts a proprietary ionization process.The Essentia Hydrate to Win Big Promotion is open only to residents of the 50 U.S. and DC who are 21 or older. Promotion starts at 12:00:00 AM ET on 11/1/2023 and ends at 11:59:59 AM ET on 1/31/2024 and will consist of an instant win game which ends at 11:59:59 PM ET on 1/31/2024, and a Sweepstakes which ends at …Alkaline substances have a pH up to 14. Baking soda’s pH is between pH 8 and 9, and milk of magnesia is between pH 10 and 11. Water can be high or low in pH, but if it is too high or too low, it ...Browse Essentia Water in Kuwait with the best deals and prices from international sellers with Secure Payments, Free Shipping to your doorstep and Easy Returns across Kuwait City, Al Jahra, Al Ahmadi, Al Farwaniyah, Hawally and more | …Jul 22, 2022 · Essentia water undergoes micro-filters, reverse osmosis and ultraviolet exposure in order to filter it to 99.9% purity. It is then infused with electrolytes and ionized to create alkaline water with a pH of 9.5 or higher. We like the consistency of the process and knowing EXACTLY what’s in our water. 2 Fundings. Essentia Water has raised $4M over 2 rounds. Essentia Water's latest funding round was a Acquired for on March 5, 2021. Date. Round. Amount. Investors. Valuation. Valuations are submitted by companies, mined from state filings or news, provided by VentureSource, or based on a comparables …Ionized alkaline water that helps you stop for nothing, so you can keep doing what matters most. #OverachievingH20 #StopForNothingOther popular alkaline water brands include Essentia, Core Hydration, and Bai. Most alkaline water won’t hurt you. But there was a worrisome aspect to how Real Water manufactured its product. The company added potassium hydroxide, known commonly as “lye.”Essentia ® Water, the pioneer of ionized alkaline water in the U.S., has partnered with House Wine for the second consecutive year to bring fans a new, limited-edition Water + Rosé box – a ...Nestlé USA today announced that it has acquired Essentia Water ("Essentia"), a premium functional water brand headquartered in Bothell, Washington. Essentia pioneered ionized alkaline water more than twenty years ago and is the leading brand in that space in the U.S. Essentia’s 2020 sales were …ESSENTIA WATER 12 PACK: Twelve 12 Fl Oz Essentia Water bottles of ionized alkaline water that’s 99.9% pure with a pH of 9.5 or higher and a clean, smooth taste — so you can stop for nothing. 99.9% PURE: Essentia Water is purified with micro filtration and reverse osmosis technology, resulting in Overachieving H2O that is 99.9% pure. ...Essentia is a popular brand of ionized alkaline water with a pH of 9.5 and electrolytes. It claims to hydrate better and taste smoother than regular water, …Dive into Essentia. Try our water today! Skip to main content.us. Delivering to Lebanon 66952 Update location All. Select the department you ... Essentia Water boasts of numerous health benefits, such as being able to help enhance athletic performance, improve cognitive function, and even assist with weight loss. But how does it compare to other brands? After thorough research and analysis, I discovered that Essentia Water does stand apart from other brands in terms of its health benefits. Essentia Water: Reason: While Essentia markets itself as an alkaline water brand with a pH of 9.5 that may help with acid-base balance, it’s essential to note that it has added electrolytes for taste. The brand doesn’t specify the quantity of individual minerals on its general labeling, so those with kidney issues should be cautious.The Essentia Hydrate to Win Big Promotion is open only to residents of the 50 U.S. and DC who are 21 or older. Promotion starts at 12:00:00 AM ET on 11/1/2023 and ends at 11:59:59 AM ET on 1/31/2024 and will consist of an instant win game which ends at 11:59:59 PM ET on 1/31/2024, and a Sweepstakes which ends at … ESSENTIA WATER 6 PACK: Six 1L (33.8 Fl Oz) Essentia Water bottles of ionized alkaline water that’s 99.9% pure with a pH of 9.5 or higher and a clean, smooth taste — so you can stop for nothing. 99.9% PURE: Essentia Water is purified with micro filtration and reverse osmosis technology, resulting in Overachieving H2O that is 99.9% pure. Essentia Water uses a unique, proprietary three-step process. The process begins with purification through reverse osmosis and microfiltration to remove contaminants – making the water 99.9% pure – and is followed by the infusion of a proprietary mineral blend (i.e. electrolytes) in trace amounts, formulated to complement the body’s natural mix. Prizes: 1 person will win a smart jump rope, a Bluetooth speaker, a premium starter gym pack and a 6-month supply of Essentia Water ® (approximately two (2) cases of 1L Essentia water (12 1L bottles per case) per month for a total of six (6) months Combined ARV Retail Value: $1,280.00. No cash substitutions for prizes will be …ESSENTIA WATER 1.5 LITER: This 1.5L (50.7 Oz) Essentia Ionized Alkaline Water bottle is made for those who believe self-care starts with better hydration. Stay hydrated with the #1 ionized alkaline water. 99.9% PURE: Our overachieving H2O passes through micro filtration and reverse osmosis, making it 99.9% pure.2 Fundings. Essentia Water has raised $4M over 2 rounds. Essentia Water's latest funding round was a Acquired for on March 5, 2021. Date. Round. Amount. Investors. Valuation. Valuations are submitted by companies, mined from state filings or news, provided by VentureSource, or based on a comparables …Alkaline water is slightly less acidic than regular drinking water. Some research, though mostly on animals, has identified possible health benefits, including. improved markers of aging in the ...Essentia Water · October 9, 2012 · Dr. Oz thinks alkaline water is where it's at for people with acid reflux. If you're one of the many who suffer from this, read up on what you should and should not be eating (and drinking). doctoroz.com. Silent Reflux: A …Essentia Water is Supercharged Ionized Alkaline Water so you can do the things that matter most to you and stop for nothing. Essentia’s proprietary three-step …Essentia is the best bottled water ever. Food & Drinks. I love essential water, I think it’s better than any other bottled water. Their isn’t many waters I like but essentia is by far the best one I ever had, I know some people say all water tastes the same but I promise it doesn’t. Go drink a ice cold essentia on a hot summer day and you ... New Essentia Hydroboost is supercharged daily hydration for an extra boost when you need it most. Essentia Hydroboost is fueled by Hydrolytes: A blend of B-complex vitamins and electrolytes – with 30x more electrolytes than the leading premium still water [1]. [1] Source: Hydroboost (15.2 fl oz serving): 200mg Sodium; 170mg Potassium; 30mg ... Essentia is a popular brand of ionized alkaline water with a pH of 9.5 and electrolytes. It claims to hydrate better and taste smoother than regular water, …What do customers say about Essentia Water, the 1.5-liter hydration bottle with electrolytes and alkaline pH 9.5 or higher? Read 429 customer reviews and find out how this water can improve your health and performance. Essentia Water, the #1 ionized water brand in the US.Essentia Water understands the importance of convenience and sustainability. These 1-liter bottles are designed for on-the-go hydration. They're recyclable, BPA-free, and stackable, making them perfect for home, office, or personal vehicle storage. In conclusion, Essentia Ionized Alkaline Water isn't just water; it's a … ESSENTIA WATER, LLC. Toll free: 877.293.2239 [email protected] Subscribe to our newsletter for access to exclusive content, rewards, giveaways and information about ... Essentia water is a brand of ionized alkaline water with a pH of 9.5. Learn how it is made, what it claims to do, and why you may not need it. Quench your thirst and elevate your hydration game with Essentia Ionized Alkaline Water in a convenient 33.8 oz bottle. Experience the ultimate hydration experience as this premium water goes beyond simple refreshment. With its unique ionization process, Essentia transforms ordinary water into a revitalizing source of hydration, infused with ... However, it also has sodium, artificial sweeteners, and preservatives. 29. Nestlé Pure Life. Nestlé Waters is the largest bottled water corporation in the world. As a result, one would expect the water with their name on it to be higher on this list. But the sad truth is that their own water is just painfully average. Essentia Water is purified with microfiltration and reverse osmosis technology, making it 99.9% pure. The water is infused with trace amounts of electrolytes, which complement the body's natural mix. The proprietary ionization process produces clean, smooth-tasting 9.5 pH water by removing bitter-tasting …Essentia Water 9.5 pH or Higher Ionized Alkaline Water Bottles - 6pk/33.8 fl oz. Essentia. 4.8 out of 5 stars with 514 ratings. 514. SNAP EBT eligible. $12.39 ($0.06/fluid ounce) When purchased online. Essentia Water – 6pk/500 mL Bottles. Essentia. 4.8 out of 5 stars with 186 ratings. 186. Essentia Health is an integrated healthcare system with facilities in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and North Dakota. [1] [2] As of 2022 it has over 14,000 employees, including 2,125 physicians and credentialed practitioners. [3] [4] [5] The network includes 14 hospitals, 70 clinics, six long-term care facilities, six assisted and independent living ... Essentia’s recyclable, BPA-free plastic water bottles invite users to drink up more of life while benefiting the planet. A case of 12, 1-liter bottles packaged in Essentia’s eye-catching black and white casing is a must for the team, organization, workplace or family that has an unquenchable thirst for life.Essentia Water's promise is to improve people's lives through better rehydration* with the development of its exceptional, supercharged ionized alkaline water. Essentia's exclusive ionization process allows water sourced from anywhere around the world to be purified and ionized for more effective rehydration*.The lower the pH level, the more acidic it is. “Tap water has a pH of roughly around 7, and alkaline water is closer to about 8 or 9,” said Malina Malkani, a registered dietician nutritionist ...Essentia Water is Supercharged Ionized Alkaline Water so you can do the things that matter most to you and stop for nothing. Essentia’s proprietary three-step …Best Alkaline Waters. Most Hydrating: Essentia Ionized Alkaline Water. High PH: smartwater Alkaline 9+pH, 33.8 Fluid Ounce Bottles. Best Plastic-Free: Flow Alkaline Spring Water. Best Taste ...Jul 22, 2022 · Essentia water undergoes micro-filters, reverse osmosis and ultraviolet exposure in order to filter it to 99.9% purity. It is then infused with electrolytes and ionized to create alkaline water with a pH of 9.5 or higher. We like the consistency of the process and knowing EXACTLY what’s in our water. Arlington, VA. Nestlé USA today announced that it has acquired Essentia Water (“Essentia”), a premium functional water brand headquartered in …That means Essentia is alkaline water with ideal mineral contents. Essentia Water Test Results. Barcode: 657227000247. Bottled for Essentia Water LLC 22833 Bothell Everett Hwy, Bothell, WA 98021. Product of USA. For water quality and information, please call 877-293-2239. www.essentiawater.com. May …Myth: Hydrates you better. The main claim of proponents of alkaline water is that it does a better job of hydrating you than regular water. But when it comes to hydration, what matters most is the ...Other popular alkaline water brands include Essentia, Core Hydration, and Bai. Most alkaline water won’t hurt you. But there was a worrisome aspect to how Real Water manufactured its product. The company added potassium hydroxide, known commonly as “lye.”Essentia Water is taking Supercharged Hydration™ to the next level with new Essentia Hydroboost, the brand’s first-ever flavored and functional water available nationwide in March 2024 ... Essentia Water boasts of numerous health benefits, such as being able to help enhance athletic performance, improve cognitive function, and even assist with weight loss. But how does it compare to other brands? After thorough research and analysis, I discovered that Essentia Water does stand apart from other brands in terms of its health benefits. Essentia Water is a processor of ionized alkaline water. The company generated $192 million in sales in 2020, according to Nestle USA. “With the addition of Essentia we continue to transform and ...Why do you want to specifically partner with Essentia? What do you love about the brand and our product? ... ESSENTIA WATER, LLC. Toll free: 877.293.2239 [email protected] Subscribe to our newsletter for access to exclusive content, rewards, giveaways and information about new products.The best place to buy Essentia water in bulk is through Amazon. Click Here #ad to view the current price for a 24 pack of 20 oz. bottles and a 12 pack of 1-liter bottles. One cool fact you might not have known about Essentia Water is a lot of professional basketball players are drinking it. The 76ers stock Essentia Water in their practice ...A significant milestone occurred in 2018 with the construction of an entirely new food-grade blood plant. Equipped with state-of-the-art technology, this facility prioritizes food safety, quality, and sustainability. Notably, all water recovered from the production process undergoes treatment in our wastewater treatment plant, enabling its reuse.Side Effects and Risks of Drinking Alkaline Water. Drinking alkaline water may have several side effects, according to Smith, including: Altered blood pH. Since alkaline water has a higher pH than ... With Believe+, we focus on making a difference in two key areas – by investing in a more environmentally sustainable future, as well as providing clean water to communities for disaster relief. Essentia is available online from a variety of retailers. Grab a bottle of our supercharged ionized alkaline water. Hydrate better, live better. Prizes: 1 person will win a smart jump rope, a Bluetooth speaker, a premium starter gym pack and a 6-month supply of Essentia Water ® (approximately two (2) cases of 1L Essentia water (12 1L bottles per case) per month for a total of six (6) months Combined ARV Retail Value: $1,280.00. No cash substitutions for prizes will be …ESSENTIA WATER 12 PACK: Twelve 12 Fl Oz Essentia Water bottles of ionized alkaline water that’s 99.9% pure with a pH of 9.5 or higher and a clean, smooth taste — so you can stop for nothing. 99.9% PURE: Essentia Water is purified with micro filtration and reverse osmosis technology, resulting in Overachieving H2O that is 99.9% pure. ...Essentia Water is enhanced with electrolytes and is purified with microfiltration and reverse osmosis technology. This alkaline water has a pH of 9.5 or higher, and consumers say that it is refreshing and hydrates well. Features. Essentia Bottled Water features and important details. Essentia Water is alkaline water with 9.5 pH.
Essentia Water is the best hydrating water on the market. It has a pH level of 9.5 which is an optimal level for water alkalinity. A higher alkaline water is more easily absorbed into the body, providing superior hydration at the cellular level. Order Online or By Phone: 310-341-0877. 20oz. Blue staffie
Essentia Water: Reason: While Essentia markets itself as an alkaline water brand with a pH of 9.5 that may help with acid-base balance, it’s essential to note that it has added electrolytes for taste. The brand doesn’t specify the quantity of individual minerals on its general labeling, so those with kidney issues should be cautious.Essentia Water. Smart Water. - Silky smooth taste; Hydrates better; Electrolyte infused; Best available pH at 9.5. - Pack of six, 1l per bottle of vapor distilled water with electrolytes added for taste. - Convenient and portable in BPA and Phthalate free recyclable bottles. - Pure and crisp like from a cloud.Introducing the Essentia ® Water 2 Gallon Box, the first-ever, large format offering of ionized alkaline water. Each external box is made with recycled corrugate and is 100% recyclable, while the ... However, it also has sodium, artificial sweeteners, and preservatives. 29. Nestlé Pure Life. Nestlé Waters is the largest bottled water corporation in the world. As a result, one would expect the water with their name on it to be higher on this list. But the sad truth is that their own water is just painfully average. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Regular water has a neutral pH value of 7, while most alkaline waters have a pH of 8 or 9. Alkaline water has more alkalizing minerals like calcium and magnesium and a higher negative oxidation ...Yes, Essentia water contains magnesium in the form of magnesium sulfate or Epsom salt. This electrolyte dissolves in water. It is an ample source of this mineral. Magnesium is critical for most metabolic functions. These …Essentia Water is Supercharged Ionized Alkaline Water so you can do the things that matter most to you and stop for nothing. Essentia’s proprietary three-step …Essentia Water is an ionized alkaline water with a pH of 9.5 that claims to provide benefits such as improved hydration, essential minerals, and reduced acid reflux and morning sickness. However, scientific research still needs to support these purported health benefits.Essentia Water Bottled, 1 Liter, 12-Pack, Ionized Alkaline Water is a game-changer in the world of hydration. This exceptional product offers a refreshing and pure experience like no other. With a pH level of 9.5 or higher, it provides a clean, smooth taste that's simply unmatched.The pH refers to the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, a lower pH is more acidic, and a higher pH is more alkaline. Most drinking water has a neutral pH of 6.5 to ... Essentia's recyclable, BPA-free plastic water bottles invite users to drink up more of life while benefiting the planet. A case of 6, 1-liter bottles packaged in Essentia's eye-catching black and white casing is a must for the team, organization, workplace or family that has an unquenchable thirst for life. Regular water has a neutral pH value of 7, while most alkaline waters have a pH of 8 or 9. Alkaline water has more alkalizing minerals like calcium and magnesium and a higher negative oxidation ...Nov 13, 2023 · Essentia claims to fit the bill, creating bottled water with an exceptionally high pH of 9.5, basically zero traces of acidity. The body itself is delicately smooth and extraordinarily clean. Essentia Water will join Nestlé’s portfolio of premium beverage brands following the sale of its North American water business. Nestlé has finalized the …Essentia Water’s proprietary ionization process transforms water from anywhere in the world into supercharged alkaline water; minimal transportation translates into less impact on the environment Experts in creating ionized alkaline bottled drinking water, Essentia’s mission is to enhance people’s lives through better …Essentia Water Enters Flavored Water Category WIth Hydroboost Launch https://lnkd.in/exaQiBzx Liked by Reid Vokey. Consumers are thirsty for water that is both flavorful and functional. ....